Umbhalo / Ovela enkulumweni ka-Xu Jinghe, iPhini Lomqondisi Wokulawulwa Kwezidakamizwa Zombuso, engqungqutheleni yolwazi lwezomnotho yedivayisi yezokwelapha ye-Southern Institute ngomhla zingama-25 kuSepthemba.
Imishini yezokwelaphaziyisisekelo esibalulekile sokuthuthukisa impilo yabantu kanye nokwenza ngcono impilo yabantu.Ukuthuthukiswa kweidivayisi yezokwelaphaimboni ihlobene nokuqaliswa kwesu le-Healthy China kanye nezwe elinamandla okukhiqiza.IKomidi Eliphakathi Leqembu kanye noMkhandlu Wombuso kubheka ukubaluleka okukhulu ekuthuthukisweni okusha kanye nekhwalithi ephezuluidivayisi yezokwelaphaimboni.UNobhala Jikelele u-Xi Jinping usegcizelele kaningi isidingo sokusheshisa ukwenza ibhodi elifushane lemishini yezokwelapha yaseChina ephezulu, kusheshiswe ucwaningo olubalulekile lwezobuchwepheshe, kunqamule izingqinamba zobuchwepheshe kanye nemishini, futhi kufinyelele ukulawula okuzimele kokuphela okuphezulu. imishini yezokwelapha.Ukugxila ocwaningweni oluyinhloko lobuchwepheshe, sheshisa isixazululo semithi eminingi, imishini yezokwelapha, imishini yezokwelapha, imigomo kanye nezinye izindawo zenkinga "yentamo".Ukuqinisa ucwaningo oluyisisekelo kanye nokwakhiwa kwamakhono esayensi nezobuchwepheshe, impilo yokuthuthukiswa kwemboni yezokwelapha ngokuqinile ezandleni zethu.
Eminyakeni yamuva nje, i-State Drug Administration ibambelele emcabangweni ka-Xi Jinping wenhlalakahle enezici zaseShayina enkathini entsha njengesiqondiso esiyisisekelo, yathatha ukuvikelwa kanye nokukhuthazwa kwezempilo yomphakathi njengomgomo omuhle, yasheshisa ukweqa ezweni elikhulu Imishini eya ezweni eliqinile lokwenza amathuluzi njengomgomo wokuthuthukisa, ithathwe kwezesayensi, umthetho, ukwenziwa kwamazwe ngamazwe kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwesimanje njengendlela yentuthuko, yanamathela ebukhosini babantu kanye nokuphakama kwempilo, futhi yahlanganisa ngokuqaphela kakhudlwana imbangela yokulawulwa kwemishini yezokwelapha phakathi. umsebenzi weQembu kanye nezwe.Sizoqaphela kakhulu ukuhlanganisa imbangela yokulawulwa kwemishini yezokwelapha emsebenzini weQembu kanye noMbuso, sikhuthaze ukwakhiwa komthetho wokulawulwa kwemishini yezokwelapha, sisebenzise uhlelo lwesayensi lwesenzo sokulawulwa kwezidakamizwa eShayina ngenkuthalo, sijulise uguquko lokubuyekezwa kanye nohlelo lokugunyazaimishini yezokwelaphangokuzimisela okukhulu, futhi ubambe iqhaza ekuhwebeni kwamazwe ngamazwe kanye nasekubambisaneni ngokulawulaimishini yezokwelaphangendlela ejulile, ukuze kukhuliswe intuthuko yezinga eliphezulu lemboni emisha ngomthetho wesayensi kanye nokuphatha kwesimanje, kanye nokuvikela amalungelo ezempilo kanye nezintshisakalo zomphakathi wonkana.
Imboni eqinile idinga ukulawulwa okuqinile, futhi ukulawula okuqinile kwakha imboni eqinile.Lapho sibhekene nenkathi entsha yokukhathazeka okwandayo kwabantu ngenjabulo nempilo, kanye nendlela entsha yentuthuko yomjikelezo ophindwe kabili wasekhaya nowamazwe ngamazwe, iChinaidivayisi yezokwelaphaimboni ibilokhu ishintsha futhi yenza izinto ezintsha, imashela phambili ngephupho, futhi isibonile intuthuko kusukela ekuqaleni, kusukela kokuncane kuye kokukhulu, kusukela ebuthaka kuya kwabanamandla, futhi manje isingene esigabeni esisha sokuthuthuka “sokugijima eduze, ukugijima ngokuhambisana, ukuhola” kanye ekhona ndawonye.Njengamanje, imboni yemishini yezokwelapha yaseChina inikeza izici ezilandelayo:
Okokuqala, izinga lemboni likhula usuku nosuku.Eminyakeni yakamuva, imboni yemishini yezokwelapha yaseChina ibithuthuka ngokushesha, inamabhizinisi akhiqizayo angaphezu kuka-32,000 kanye namabhizinisi asebenzayo angaphezu kuka-1,278,000. unyaka, ophakeme kakhulu kunezinga lokukhula lilonke lemboni yezemithi yaseShayina kanye nezinga lokukhula kwemboni yamathuluzi ezokwelapha emhlabeni wonke.Ngokusho kweSouthern Institute of Pharmaceutical Economics of the State Drug Administration, imali engenayo yemishini yezokwelapha yaseChina izodlula amaRandi ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-200 ngo-2023, kanti ingxenye yemakethe yemishini yezokwelapha emhlabeni wonke izofinyelela ku-28.5%.
Okwesibili, iphethini yezimboni iya icaca.Ukuthuthukiswa okusheshayo kwamaqoqo ezimboni, inhlanganisela yezimboni kanye nokudluliselwa kwezimboni ngokuhambisana, ukwakheka kwesikali seqoqo lezimboni kanye nezici ezihlukile.I-Bohai Rim, i-Yangtze River Delta kanye ne-Guangdong, i-Hong Kong kanye ne-Macao Bay Area njengoba amaqoqo amathathu amakhulu endabuko eqhubeka nokukhula ngesivinini esikhulu, ezinye izindawo zokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe obuphezulu, izindawo zokuthuthukiswa komnotho nobuchwepheshe kanye namanye amaqoqo emboni yobuchwepheshe obuphezulu ayadlondlobala. , ukwakha amaqoqo ezimboni zesifunda ngobuchwepheshe obuvelele emikhakheni ye-niche.Njengengxenye emaphakathi yochungechunge lwezimboni, ukwanda kwesikali semboni yemishini yezokwelapha kuqhuba ukuthuthukiswa kwalo lonke uchungechunge lwezimboni.
Okwesithathu, izinga lobuchwepheshe liya ngokuya lithuthukiswa.Eminyakeni yamuva nje, i-China ayizange isheshise nje kuphela ukwenza amabhodlela namabhodi amafushane emkhakheni wezingxenye eziyisisekelo, isofthiwe eyisisekelo, izinto eziyisisekelo kanye nobuchwepheshe obuyisisekelo, kodwa futhi ithole imiphumela emangalisayo ekwenzeni ngcono ukusebenza komkhiqizo kanye nekhwalithi ephezulu-. ukuqeda imishini yezokwelapha, ukunqamula inqwaba yobuchwepheshe obubalulekile bezingxenye eziyinhloko ezifana nozibuthe abakhulu, ama-accelerator ama-electron, ama-RF/spectrometers, njll., nobuchwepheshe obuyinhloko be-proton nohlelo lwe-carbon ion therapy, amarobhothi okuhlinzwa amathambo, inhliziyo yokwenziwa yesizukulwane sesithathu. , I-Focused Ultrasound Therapy System egxilile, i-Gene Sequencing System, njll. iseduze noma isifinyelele izinga elithuthukile lamazwe ngamazwe.
Okwesine, ikhono lokuqamba kabusha lemboni liyakhula ngesivinini usuku nosuku.Eminyakeni yamuva, i-State Drug Administration ukukhuthazaidivayisi yezokwelaphainqubomgomo yokusungula ubuchwepheshe iyaqhubeka nokuphoqa.Kusukela kulo nyaka, imikhiqizo emisha iqhubekile nokugcina umfutho wokukhula ngokushesha, futhi kuze kube manje imikhiqizo emisha engama-41 igunyazelwe ukufakwa kuhlu.Eminye imikhiqizo emisha, njenge-brain pacemaker, iwine umklomelo wokuqala wenqubekelaphambili kazwelonke yesayensi nezobuchwepheshe.
Okwesihlanu, uhlelo lokuphatha ikhwalithi luya ngokuya lungenasici.Eminyakeni yamuva nje, ngenqubekelaphambili eqhubekayo yokwakhiwa kwezinhlelo zokuphathwa kwekhwalithi yemboni, imizamo yokuqondisa kanye nokulungisa iyaqhubeka nokukhula, isibopho esiyinhloko samabhizinisi sokuqinisa ukuqaliswa kwezinga lesistimu yokuphatha ikhwalithi yemboni yemishini yezokwelapha iyaqhubeka nokuba ngcono.
Okwesithupha, ithonya lamazwe ngamazwe liyakhula.Eminyakeni yamuva nje, ithonya lamazwe ngamazwe lamabhizinisi emishini yezokwelapha yaseShayina liye landa.Ayanda amabhizinisi aseShayina anobuchwepheshe obuphambili, ukusebenza ngendlela ehambisanayo kanye nekhwalithi yomsindo asebenzise isu lokuthumela imikhiqizo yawo olwandle futhi kancane kancane akhombisa ithonya lawo emhlabeni jikelele.Ngokohlu lwe-top 100 emhlabeni jikeleleidivayisi yezokwelaphaabakhiqizi ngo-2022 abakhishwe yiwebhusayithi egunyaziwe yomkhakha wemishini yezokwelapha, izinkampani eziyi-12 zaseShayina zilufake ngempumelelo uhlu.
Uhlelo lwe-“Healthy China 2030” luthi impilo iyisidingo esidingekayo ekuthuthukisweni okuphelele kwabantu kanye nesimo esiyisisekelo sokuthuthukiswa komnotho nezenhlalakahle.Njengendlela ebalulekile yokuvikela impilo yabantu,imishini yezokwelaphaidlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu emkhakheni wokuvimbela, ukuxilongwa kanye nokwelashwa.Kusukela ezidingweni eziphuthumayo zezwe kanye nesidingo sesikhathi eside, imboni yemishini yezokwelapha iwumkhakha obalulekile odinga ukugxila ezinsizeni ezinenzuzo, futhi iyimboni yamasu esafufusa enokukhula okuqinile, ukubaluleka kanye nomfutho.Ucwaningo olubanzi nokwahlulela, okwamanje, imboni yemishini yezokwelapha yaseShayina “isesesikhathini sokuthuthuka okuhle”.Ngaphansi kokusekelwa okuqhubekayo kanye nokunikezwa amandla kolwazi, ukwenziwa kwedijithali kanye nobuhlakani, izinguquko eziningi ezintsha zizovela ezingxenyeni ezahlukahlukene kanye namathrekhiimishini yezokwelapha.Isibonelo, isizukulwane esisha sokucabanga kwezokwelapha sizosheshisa ukuthuthukiswa kobuhlakani, ukude, okuncane, okusheshayo, okunembile, ukuhlanganiswa kwezindlela eziningi, ukuxilongwa nokuhlanganiswa kokwelashwa, futhi siqhubeke sithuthukisa kancane kancane indlela yokusebenza nokusebenza kokuhlolwa kofuzo, ukuxilongwa kanyekanye izimila kanye nokuxilongwa kusenesikhathi, ukuvimbela nokuxilongwa kwesifo sofuba, kanye nokutholwa kwamagciwane asafufusa.Indawo yokuthuthukisa ubuchwepheshe bemishini yokungenelela yezitshalo ibanzi, ukusungulwa kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwama-pacemakers enhliziyo amasha afakelwayo, ama-neurostimulators neminye imikhiqizo, idinga ukunaka ukuthuthukiswa kokuvuselelwa kwezicubu kanye nomsebenzi wokulungisa wocwaningo nokuthuthukiswa nokuguqulwa kwezinto ezihlanganisiwe ze-bioactive, kanye nokukhuthaza ukusetshenziswa kwezinto eziphambili, ubunjiniyela bezicubu, ukuphrinta kwe-3D nobunye ubuchwepheshe.
Okokuqala, thuthukisa uhlelo lokulawula, uqinise isisekelo sokuthuthukiswa.2021 ezibuyekeziwe Imithethonqubo Yokugada Nokuphathwa KweIdivayisi Yezokwelaphas, umthetho womthetho wokuhlanganisa kanye nokujulisa impumelelo yenguquko yokubuyekezwa nokugunyazwa kwesistimu yemishini yezokwelapha, ukusungulwa okuphelele kohlelo lokubhalisa idivayisi yezokwelapha, ukuhlolwa komtholampilo kwezidingo zamazinga omhlaba, ukuqaliswa uhlelo lokuqopha lwezinhlangano zocwaningo lomtholampilo, ukuqaliswa kwephrojekthi yesilingo somtholampilo kusho uhlelo lwemvume, okuvumela amabhizinisi ukuthi enze ukuzihlola komkhiqizo ngokuvumelana nomthetho.Ukwengeza, uhlelo lokugunyaza okunemibandela kanye nohlelo olunwetshiwe lwesivivinyo somtholampilo luye lwasungulwa ukuze lubeke kuqala ukubuyekezwa nokugunyazwa kwemishini emisha yezokwelapha kanye nokusekela ukukhuthazwa komtholampilo nokusetshenziswa kwemikhiqizo emisha.Kuze kube manje, lonke uhlelo lokulawulwa komjikelezo wempilo kanye nokuphepha kwemishini yezokwelapha selwakhiwe “neMithetho Yokuqondisa Nokuphathwa Kwamadivaysi Ezokwelapha” njengomgogodla, osekelwa imithetho eyi-14 esekelayo, imibhalo engaphezu kuka-140 evamile, ngaphezu kwalokho. Izimiso ezingu-600 eziqondisayo zokubhaliswa nokubuyekezwa kobuchwepheshe, kanye nezindawo zokubuyekeza zezobuchwepheshe ezingaphezu kuka-760, ezihlinzeka ngomthetho oqinile wokuthuthukiswa okuqanjwe kabusha kanye nekhwalithi ephezulu yemboni yezisetshenziswa zezokwelapha.
Okwesibili, ukuhlela izinto eziza kuqala zamasu, ukuzulazula kwesiqondiso sentuthuko.2021, i-State Drug Administration kanye neminyango eminingi ngokuhlanganyela yakhipha “Uhlelo Lweminyaka Emihlanu Yeminyaka Emihlanu” lokuphepha kwezidakamizwa kuzwelonke kanye nokugqugquzelwa kwentuthuko yekhwalithi ephezulu, kucace ekupheleni kwesikhathi “soHlelo Lweminyaka Emihlanu”, jikelele amandla okulawula izidakamizwa eduze nezinga elithuthukile lamazwe ngamazwe, izinga lokuphepha kwezidakamizwa kanye nezinga lokuphepha lokuthuthukiswa okusimeme kwemboni yemishini yezokwelapha.Ekupheleni kwesikhathi “soHlelo Lweminyaka Emihlanu”, amandla okulawula izidakamizwa azobe eseseduze nezinga elithuthukisiwe lamazwe ngamazwe, izinga lokuphepha nokuvikeleka kwezidakamizwa lizoqhubeka lithuthuka, futhi abantu bayokwaneliseka ngokwengeziwe nokunye okwengeziwe. ngokukhululeka ngekhwalithi nokuphepha kwezidakamizwa.Imvelo yokulawula ukusekela ukuthuthukiswa kwekhwalithi ephezulu yemboni izokwenziwa ngcono kakhulu, ukuguqulwa kokubuyekezwa kanye nohlelo lokugunyazwa kuzoqhubeka nokujula, inani lemithi emisha edingekayo emtholampilo izogunyazwa, ukufakwa kuhlu kwenani elibalulekile ngokomtholampilo. izidakamizwa ezintsha zizosheshiswa, futhi izidakamizwa ezisungulwa emhlabeni wonke kanye nemishini yezokwelapha emisha efakwe isicelo e-China izofakwa ohlwini endaweni ngokushesha okukhulu.I-State Drug Administration, kanye noMnyango Wezimboni Nobuchwepheshe Bolwazi, uMnyango Wezempilo kanye neminye iminyango, ngokuhlanganyela bakhiphe “Uhlelo Lweminyaka Eyi-14 Lweminyaka Emihlanu” lokuthuthukisa imboni yemishini yezokwelapha, okwenza kucace ukuthi ngo-2025, Izinga lemboni yemishini yezokwelapha yaseShayina lizothuthukiswa kakhulu ngokwesisekelo esithuthukisiwe kanye nesimanjemanje sochungechunge lwezimboni, imishini yezokwelapha evamile izohlinzekwa ngokuphumelelayo, futhi izinga lokusebenza kwemishini yezokwelapha ephezulu kanye nekhwalithi izothuthukiswa kakhulu, ekuqaleni kwakha isisekelo sezempilo yomphakathi kanye nemishini yezokwelapha.Izinga lokusebenza nezinga lekhwalithi yemikhiqizo yemishini yezokwelapha esezingeni eliphezulu lizothuthukiswa kakhulu, futhi amandla okusekelwa aphelele ezempilo zomphakathi nezidingo zezokwelapha nezokunakekelwa kwezempilo azokwakhiwa ekuqaleni.Eminyakeni yamuva nje, i-State Drug Administration kanye neminyango ethintekayo ikhiphe ngokuhlanganyela Uhlelo Lokusebenza Lokuhlasela Okugxilwe Kwezinto Zokwelapha Ezisezingeni Eliphezulu, Uhlelo Lokusebenza Lwesenzo Serobhothi+ kanye Nemibono Eyisiqondiso Ekusheshiseni Ukuthuthukiswa Okusha Kwemboni Yezinsiza Zezokwelapha, eziqinise idizayini esezingeni eliphezulu futhi zasiza ekusekeleni inqubomgomo ukuvula indlela ebanzi yentuthuko yentuthuko emisha kanye nekhwalithi ephezulu yemboni yemishini yezokwelapha.Indlela yokuthuthukisa ebanzi.
Okwesithathu, ukuhlanganisa izinsiza zokubusa nokuqoqa amandla okuthuthukisa.Eminyakeni yamuva nje, i-State Drug Administration iqinise ukubambisana neminyango eminingi, futhi isungule ubuhlakani bokwenziwa.idivayisi yezokwelaphainkundla yokubambisana emisha kanye nenkundla yokubambisana yokusungula izinto ezintsha, ukukhuthaza imizamo ye-synergistic yezimboni, izifundiswa, ucwaningo, ukusetshenziswa kanye nokuphatha, kanye nokuqoqa amandla azo zonke izinhlangothi ukwakha amandla e-kinetic akhulayo ukuze kuthuthukiswe izinga eliphezulu lokuqanjwa kabusha kwezimboni.I-State Drug Administration yenze ngokubambisana noMnyango Wezimboni Nobuchwepheshe Bolwazi (MIIT) umsebenzi wokwembula uhlu lwemishini yezokwelapha ehlakaniphile yokwenziwa kanye nama-biomaterials, egxile phambili ekuthuthukisweni kwezobuchwepheshe, ebeka kusengaphambili, ekhetha izinga eliphezulu.imishini yezokwelapha, kanye nokugxila ekusekelweni kokuthuthukiswa kwekhwalithi ephezulu yemishini emisha yemishini yezokwelapha ukuze kuqoqwe amandla nokunika amandla.Sekela ngenkuthalo ucwaningo olukhethekile loMnyango Wezesayensi Nobuchwepheshe kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwemikhiqizo emisha ehlonza i-coronavirus, ukubhaliswa komkhiqizo womkhiqizo wephrojekthi woMnyango Wezimboni Nobuchwepheshe Bolwazi.I-Yangtze River Delta, i-Bay Area, isikhungo esincane sokubuyekezwa kwemishini yezokwelapha kanye nokuhlolwa sisebenza ngokuqhubekayo, ukuze kusetshenziswe kangcono amasu amakhulu esifunda kazwelonke, futhi kunikeze kangcono imboni yemishini yezokwelapha kanye nentuthuko yezinga eliphezulu.
Okwesine, ukujulisa ukuguqulwa kokugunyazwa kanye nendlela yokuthuthukisa emisha.Eminyakeni yakamuva, i-State Drug Administration iqhubekile nokujulisa ukuguqulwa kwesistimu yokubuyekezwa nokugunyazwa, ngokuhambisana “Nezinqubo Zokubuyekeza Okukhethekile Zokusungula.Amadivayisi Ezokwelapha” kanye “Nezinqubo Zokugunyazwa Okubalulekile Zamadivayisi Ezokwelapha”, futhi inikeze kuqala ukubuyekezwa nokugunyazwa kwemishini yezokwelapha esezingeni eliphezulu obuchwepheshe bayo obuyinhloko bunamalungelo obunikazi okusungulwa e-China, futhi imikhiqizo yayo inokwakhiwa kokuqala kwasekhaya kwesimiso esiyinhloko/indlela yokusebenza umkhiqizo, futhi imikhiqizo yawo inenani elibalulekile lokusetshenziswa emtholampilo futhi edingeka ngokushesha emtholampilo, kanye nokuvumela le mikhiqizo ukuthi “imise umugqa ngokuhlukana, iqhubeke yonke indlela”.Kuze kube manje, amadivaysi ezokwelapha angama-230 athuthukile afana ne-plastic pacemaker yasekhaya, i-carbon ion therapy system, i-proton therapy system, i-5.0T magnetic resonance imaging system, i-panoramic dynamic PET/CT, inhliziyo yokwenziwa yesizukulwane sesithathu, imithambo yegazi yokwenziwa nezinye izinto ezintsha zokwelapha. zigunyaziwe futhi zafakwa ohlwini emakethe, ziqaphela ukuphumelela kwemishini yezokwelapha esezingeni eliphezulu yasekhaya.Eminyakeni yamuva nje, i-Medical Device Technical Review Centre iqhubekile yasungula izinhlelo zokubuyekeza futhi yasungula indlela yokusebenza ukuze isuse ukugxilwa kokubuyekezwa kobuchwepheshe bemishini yezokwelapha iye esigabeni sokuthuthukisa umkhiqizo, igxile emikhiqizweni engase izuze impumelelo kubuchwepheshe obubalulekile, izinto ezibalulekile kanye izingxenye eziyinhloko, futhi babe namalungelo ezimele empahla yobuhlakani, njengohlelo lwe-ECMO, uhlelo lwe-proton carbon ion therapy kanye nohlelo lokusiza i-ventricular kanye namanye amathuluzi ezokwelapha asezingeni eliphezulu, njll., futhi angenelele kusenesikhathi ukuze aqondise futhi asheshise Ucwaningo olubalulekile lobuchwepheshe kanye ukuthuthukiswa, ukuze kuhole indlela, ukukhuthaza imishini yezokwelapha yaseChina ephezulu ukuze kuzuzwe impumelelo enkulu.Njengamanje, i-State Drug Administration imise iziteshi zesevisi zokusungulwa kwemishini yezokwelapha eziyisishiyagalolunye ukuze zisekele ukusungulwa kwemboni yemishini yezokwelapha yendawo kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwekhwalithi ephezulu.
Okwesihlanu, ukuthuthukisa isayensi yokulawula ukuthuthukisa izinga lentuthuko.Ngo-2019, i-State Drug Administration yethula Uhlelo Lokusebenza Lwesayensi Yezidakamizwa lwaseChina ukuze livumelane nezinselelo ezintsha ezilethwa ubuchwepheshe obusha, izinto zokwakha, izinqubo, imikhiqizo, amabhizinisi kanye nezindlela zokusebenza ukugunyazwa nokulawulwa, kanye nokusungula amathuluzi amasha, amazinga, kanye nezindlela zokulawula, emzamweni wokwenza imithetho ibe ngumholi futhi inike amandla ekuthuthukisweni okusha kanye nekhwalithi ephezulu yemboni.Kuze kube manje, i-SDA ibone abangu-9idivayisi yezokwelaphaizisekelo zocwaningo lwesayensi yokulawula, amalabhorethri abalulekile angu-29 ahlobene nenkundla yemishini yezokwelapha ye-SDA, futhi yethula amaqoqo amabili amaphrojekthi esayensi alawulayo.Ngokujula okwandayo kocwaningo lwesayensi olulawulayo, amathuluzi amasha, izindinganiso nezindlela kusetshenziswa ekubuyekezweni nasekuvunyweni kwemishini yezokwelapha kanye nokugadwa nokuphathwa, okuhlinzeka ngosekelo lwesayensi nobuchwepheshe kanye nokwesekwa kobuhlakani ekuthuthukisweni kokuqanjwa kwemboni kanye nekhwalithi ephezulu.
Okwesithupha, kujulise ukushintshana nokubambisana ukuze kwandiswe indawo yokuthuthukiswa.Eminyakeni yamuva nje, i-State Drug Administration ukwandisa ukuhwebelana nokubambisana kwamazwe ngamazwe, ukusiza ukulawulwa kokulawulwa kwemishini yezokwelapha emhlabeni wonke, ukuxhumanisa kanye nokwethembana, iholele ekuthuthukisweni kwemihlahlandlela yokulawulwa kokuhlolwa komtholampilo kwemishini yezokwelapha emine, iholele ekuthuthukisweni “kwemishini kagesi yezokwelapha Ingxenye. Imishini yokwelapha yokuphefumula egeleza kakhulu engu-2-90, ukuphepha okuyisisekelo nokusebenza okuyisisekelo” “uhlelo lokuhlola lokuxilonga lwe-in vitro - indlela yokukhulisa i-nucleic acid yokuthola inoveli Izidingo Nezincomo zeCoronavirus (SARS-CoV-2)” namanye amazinga ayisithupha omhlaba.Njengamanje, inani eliphelele lezindinganiso zemishini yezokwelapha e-China selifinyelele ku-1,961, futhi izinga lokuhambisana nezindinganiso zamazwe ngamazwe selifinyelele ngaphezu kwama-90%.Sibamba iqhaza ngokugcwele emisebenzini ye-IMDRF, GHWP nezinye izinhlangano zamazwe ngamazwe ukusiza ukusheshisa umhlaba jikelele.idivayisi yezokwelaphaukuhlangana okulawulayo, ukusebenzisana nokwethembana, kanye nokusiza imikhiqizo yedivayisi yezokwelapha yase-China ukuthi ihambe kangcono emhlabeni jikelele.
UNobhala Jikelele u-Xi Jinping usegcizelele kaningi ukuthi impilo yabantu iwuphawu olubalulekile lokuchuma kwesizwe namandla esizwe;ukuthi ukubambelela enguqulweni emisha kunendawo esemqoka esimeni sonke sokuthuthuka kweShayina;nokuthi intuthuko yezinga eliphezulu iwumsebenzi oyinhloko ekwakhiweni okuphelele kwezwe lesimanje lezenhlalakahle.Uphawu olubalulekile, isikhundla esiwumongo kanye nomsebenzi oyinhloko ucacisa ngokujulile ukubaluleka kwamasu kanye nesikhundla esivelele sempilo yabantu, ukusungula izinto ezintsha kanye nentuthuko yezinga eliphezulu ekwakhiweni kokuthuthukiswa kwezenhlalakahle.Umbiko we-20th Party Congress uphakamisa ukuthi kufanele sigcizelele ekubekeni ukugxila kwentuthuko yezomnotho emnothweni wangempela, ukukhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa kwezimboni ezintsha, ukusheshisa ukwakhiwa kwezwe eliqinile lokukhiqiza, izwe eliqinile lekhwalithi, izwe eliqinile lenethiwekhi, idijithali eqinile. China nokunye.Ukukhuthaza ukudidiyelwa kanye nokuthuthukiswa kweqoqo lezimboni zamasu ezisafufusa, ukwakha isizukulwane esisha sobuchwepheshe bolwazi, ubuhlakani bokwenziwa, i-biotechnology, amandla amasha, izinto ezintsha, amathuluzi asezingeni eliphezulu, ukuvikelwa kwemvelo eluhlaza kanye nenani lezinjini ezintsha zokukhula.25 Agasti, umhlangano wesigungu soMkhandlu Wombuso ucubungule futhi wamukela “uhlelo lokusebenza lwekhwalithi ephezulu yemboni Yezemithi (2023-2025)”, “uhlelo lokusebenza lwemboni yemishini yezokwelapha lwekhwalithi ephezulu (2023-2025)” kanye “nemboni yemishini yezokwelapha ephezulu -uhlelo lokusebenza lokuthuthukisa izinga (2023-2025)”.Uhlelo Lokusebenza Lokuthuthukiswa (2023-2025) lwemboni Yezisetshenziswa Zezokwelapha.Umhlangano ugcizelele ukuthi imboni eyenza imithi kanye nemishini yezokwelapha iyisisekelo esibalulekile sokunakekelwa kwezempilo, futhi inomthelela empilweni nempilo yabantu kanye nesimo sonke sentuthuko yezinga eliphezulu.Kufanele kwenziwe imizamo yokuthuthukisa ukuqina nokuthuthukiswa kwemboni yemithi nemishini yezokwelapha, kukhuliswe umthamo wokuphakelwa kwemithi esezingeni eliphezulu, ubuchwepheshe obubalulekile nezinto ezingavuthiwe neziyisizayo, futhi kusheshiswe ukulungiswa kwebhodi elifushane lezokwelapha ezisezingeni eliphezulu. imishini eChina.Ukuqalisa izinqumo ezinkulu kanye nokuthunyelwa kweKomidi Elikhulu le-CPC kanye noMkhandlu Wezifundazwe, ukusheshisa ukwenziwa kabusha kwemithetho yemishini yezokwelapha yaseChina, kusheshiswe inqubekelaphambili yaseChina ukusuka ezweni elikhulu ukuya ezweni eliqinile ekwakhiweni kwemishini yezokwelapha, kusukela ekugcineni kokulawula kwemishini yezokwelapha, sizogxila ezicini ezilandelayo zomsebenzi:
Okokuqala, qhubeka ujule ukubuyekezwa kanye nokuguqulwa kwesistimu yokugunyaza, ukusheshisa ijubane lemishini yezokwelapha emisha emakethe.Okwamanje, eChinaidivayisi yezokwelaphaimboni ingene enkathini entsha yokuqamba nokuthuthuka okuzimele ikakhulukazi kusukela ekulandeleni ukulingisa.Ikhono lokuthuthukisa izisetshenziswa zezokwelapha kanye nekhono lokubuyekeza izisetshenziswa zezokwelapha kube yizici ezibalulekile zokulinganisa ukuncintisana komhlaba wonke kwemishini yezokwelapha yezwe nesifunda.Ukuqamba izinto ezintsha kungamandla okuqala okuhola intuthuko kanye nomthombo omkhulu kakhulu wokukhuthaza ushintsho.Ngokugadwa kwangaphambili kwemakethe, umkhiqizo uyinkosi.Sizohlala sinamathela emoyeni wesayensi kanye nomoya womthetho, sizivumelanise ngenkuthalo nezidingo ezintsha zemishini yezokwelapha emhlabeni wonke inqubekelaphambili yesayensi nezobuchwepheshe kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwezimboni, sizivumelanise ngenkuthalo nezidingo ezintsha zokwelashwa kweziguli, sijule ngokungaguquki. ukuguqulwa kokubuyekezwa kwedivayisi yezokwelapha kanye nesistimu yokugunyaza, futhi ikhuthaze ngokungaguquki ucwaningo lwesayensi mayelana nokulawulwa kwemishini yezokwelapha, ithuthukise ngokwengeziwe uhlelo lokubuyekeza nokugunyaza, ithuthukise inqubo yokubuyekeza nokugunyaza, futhi isungule indlela yokubuyekeza nokugunyaza, ukuze kungaba, ngokusebenza okungcono.sheshisa isivinini semishini yezokwelapha emisha emakethe.
Okwesibili, sizokwenza yonke imizamo yokukhuthaza ukwakhiwa komthetho wemishini yezokwelapha, futhi sisheshise ukwakhiwa kwenguqulo ethuthukisiwe yesistimu yezomthetho yokulawulaimishini yezokwelapha.Umthetho Wokuphathwa Kwedivayisi Yezokwelapha ufakiwe ekuhleleni okusemthethweni kweKomidi Elimisiwe Lekhongolose Yabantu Kazwelonke ye-14, okuyisenzakalo esibalulekile emlandweni wokulawulwa kwemishini yezokwelapha yase-China.Umthetho uyithuluzi lokudala impilo entsha.Inqubo yomthetho wuhlelo lokujulisa ukuqonda umthetho weidivayisi yezokwelaphaukuphathwa, kanye nenqubo yokuthuthukisa izinga lesayensi, lezomthetho, lamazwe ngamazwe nelesimanje lokuphathwa kwemishini yezokwelapha.Sizobambelela ekuqondisweni kwenkinga, umbono wamazwe ngamazwe, izinguquko kanye nokuqanjwa okusha, ukuthuthukiswa kwesayensi, futhi siqoqe amandla engeziwe okwenza umzamo omkhulu wokwakha uMthetho Wokuphathwa Kwamadivayisi Ezokwelapha onemiqondo yesimanjemanje, amanani avumelana kakhulu, amasistimu aphelele, kanye izindlela ezizwakalayo ezengeziwe, kanye nokuqhubeka nokuthuthukisa ukwenziwa kwamazwe ngamazwe kanye nokwenza ngcono ukuphathwa kwemishini yezokwelapha yaseChina.Umthetho uyilungiselelo lesikhungo lenjabulo yomphakathi.Sizobambelela kumthetho wesayensi, wentando yeningi novulekile, futhi samukele ngobuqotho yonke imikhakha yomphakathi ukuthi ibambe iqhaza ngenkuthalo enqubweni yomthetho yoMthetho Wokuphathwa Kwamadivayisi Ezokwelapha futhi sizame ukunikela ngokuhlakanipha namandla akho.
Okwesithathu, sizokwenza izenzo ezijulile ukuze sihlanganise futhi sithuthukise ukuphepha kwezidakamizwa, futhi siqinise ngokuphelele ukugadwa kwekhwalithiimishini yezokwelaphakuwo wonke umjikelezo wabo wokuphila.Kule minyaka edlule, sigxile engcupheni kanye nokuzibophezela, uhlelo namandla, izinga nokusebenza kahle, siye saqhubeka nokubusaidivayisi yezokwelaphaikhwalithi nokuphepha, izinhlobo eziyinhloko ezisunguliwe, izixhumanisi ezibalulekile, izindawo ezibalulekile nezifunda ezibalulekile, futhi wagcizelela ekuthuthukiseni indlela yokuphatha, ukuthuthukisa amandla okubusa, ukuphenya amacala amakhulu kanye nokulawula ubungozi bezokuphepha.Njengamanje, ngokuhambisana nezidingo zokuhlanganiswa kokuphepha kwezidakamizwa kanye nesinyathelo sokuthuthukisa, mayelana nezindaba ezibalulekile ezikhathaza umphakathi jikelele, mayelana namaphutha kanye nobuthakathaka besistimu yokulawula idivayisi yezokwelapha kanye nokwakhiwa kwamandla, ukuze kuhlanganiswe ngokugcwele imiphumela yokulungiswa okukhethekile kanye nokuthuthukisa ngenkuthalo ukusebenza kahle kokubusa kokugxilisa ingqondo, izinyathelo ezingokoqobo, imivimbo engokoqobo, kanye nokufuna imiphumela ebonakalayo, ukuze abantu babe nomuzwa omkhulu wokufinyelela kubantu, ukuze abalawuli babe nomuzwa omkhulu wokufinyelela. impumelelo, futhi ukuze ababambiqhaza babe nomuzwa omkhulu wokwaneliseka.
Okwesine, ukukhuthaza ngentshiseko ukwakhiwa kohlelo lokuphatha ikhwalithi, usizoidivayisi yezokwelaphaukusungulwa kwemboni kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwekhwalithi ephezulu.Izinga lomkhiqizo liwukuphila kwebhizinisi.Ingqikithi kanye nephuzu eliyinhloko lokuphathwa kwedivayisi yezokwelapha yesimanje kusekuphathweni kwesistimu yekhwalithi.Njengoba nje abukho ubulungisa ngaphandle kobulungiswa benqubo, akukho ukuphepha komkhiqizo ngaphandle kokuphepha kwesistimu.Kuwo wonke umjikelezo wempilo wenqubo yokuphathwa kwekhwalithi yedivayisi yezokwelapha, noma yikuphi ukonakala okuncane kungase kuholele ekuphukeni kwesistimu.Uhlelo lwekhwalithi lusebenza ngokujwayelekile, inkinga yomkhiqizo ngephutha;uhlelo lwekhwalithi lusebenza ngendlela engavamile, umkhiqizo awunankinga uyisipho.Emkhakheni wemishini yezokwelapha, kuyadingeka ukwenza ukwakhiwa kwesistimu yokuphatha ikhwalithi, ukuvimbela izingozi ngesistimu, ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha nohlelo, ukuqinisa ikhono lesistimu, ukufuna ukuthuthukiswa nohlelo.Ekuthuthukiseni ukwakhiwa kohlelo lokuphatha ikhwalithi yedivayisi yezokwelapha, sithemba ukuthiidivayisi yezokwelaphainhlangano yezimboni ingaba nokuzibophezela okukhulu kanye nokwenza.
Okwesihlanu, ukubamba iqhaza ngenkuthalo ekushintshanisweni nasekubambisaneni kwamazwe ngamazwe, ukusiza ukulawulwa komhlaba wonke kwedivayisi yezokwelapha ukuhlangana, ukusebenzelana nokwethembana.Umhlaba wanamuhla uwumhlaba ovulekile.UNobhala-Jikelele u-Xi Jinping waveza ukuthi "ukwakha umphakathi wekusasa lomuntu kuyikusasa labantu bomhlaba."“Okwamanje, ukushintsha komhlaba, ukushintsha kwezikhathi nokushintsha komlando kwenzeka ngendlela engakaze ibonwe ngaphambili.”“Kudingeka sandise umbono wethu womhlaba, sithole ukuqonda okujulile ngenkambiso yentuthuko nenqubekela phambili yomuntu, siphendule kahle ezinkingeni zomhlaba wonke zabantu abavela kuwo wonke amazwe, sibe neqhaza ekuxazululeni izinkinga ezivamile isintu esibhekene nazo, futhi sisebenzise futhi sithole konke. impumelelo evelele yempucuko yesintu enomqondo obanzi ohlanganisa yonke imifula, ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukwakhiwa kwezwe elingcono.”Ukuzivumelanisa nokuthuthukiswa kokuhwebelana kwezomnotho kanye nokukhulula ezohwebo, sizobamba iqhaza elibonakalayo emhlabeni jikeleleidivayisi yezokwelaphaukushintshana kokulawula nokusebenzisana ngombono obanzi, isimo sengqondo esiqondile kanye nesivinini esizinzile, futhi silwela ukukhuthaza ukuhlangana, ukusebenzelana nokwethembana kwemishini yezokwelapha emhlabeni wonke, ukuze kube neqhaza ngokuhlanganyela empilweni yomphakathi yomhlaba wonke ngendlela. lokho kuyifanele le nkathi enkulu.
Ngeke sibe kude nezintaba nezilwandle;ngeke silinganiselwe yilanga nenyanga lapho sigibela umfutho.Ikusasa eliqhakazile lemboni yemishini yezokwelapha yaseChina lisesikhathini esizayo, ngaphambili nangaphansi kwezinyawo.Masisebenzisane, ngokuhambisana nezidingo zoPhiko Lwezokuphathwa Kwezidakamizwa Zombuso “ukukhuluma ipolitiki, ukugadwa okuqinile, ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha, ukukhuthaza intuthuko futhi kusizakale impilo yabantu”, siqhubekele phambili, sisebenze kanzima, sisheshise ukugxuma sisuka ezweni elikhulu siye ezweni eliqinile. ezweni ekhiqizwaimishini yezokwelapha, futhi senze umnikelo omkhulu ekuvikelweni nasekukhuthazeni impilo yomphakathi.
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Isikhathi sokuthumela: Oct-17-2023